Lab report e2 substitution alkyl halides

Nucleophilic substitution by water and nucleophilic substitution by the hydroxide ion.

If E2, ethene is formed. Also, AgI solid is formed. Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments. But how accurate is that labeling? This experiment assessed whether and to what extent Lipton Black Tea Decaffeinated contains caffeine.

Added 15ml water, 2g sodium carbonate, and boiling chip to a beaker and brought to a boil. Placed two Lipton Black Tea Decaffeinated tea bags inside beaker and let brew for 10 minutes.

Added 5ml cold water, bringing solution to room temperature. Transferred solution to a separatory funnel. Added 5ml of dichloromethane and swirled. Dried the extract with calcium chloride. Transferred extract to a massed beaker and left under a fume hood to evaporate.

This was calculated by subtracting the mass of the beaker from the mass of the beaker containing the extract. The mass of the beaker and caffeine combined was The mass of the beaker was weighed and found to be The mass of the caffeine extracted was thus According to the product labeling of Lipton Black Tea Decaffeinated, each tea bag contains 4mg of caffeine.

To what extent is nutritional product labeling accurate? In the case of Lipton Black Tea Decaffeinated, not very. According to the nutritional labeling, each tea bag should contain a negligible 4mg of caffeine.

Caffeine, a central nervous system stimulant, is found in many popular beverages. The following extraction sequence was used to determine whether this was actually the case: Dichloromethane, an organic solvent, was used to extract the alkaloid caffeine from a solution containing liquid tea.

Sodium carbonate, a base, ensured that the other, acidic compounds contained in tea, such as tannins, remained soluble in water and were not extracted by the dichloromethane.

Functional Groups and their Reaction Mechanisms - Online Organic Chemistry Tutor

Calcium Chloride was used to absorb the water from solution. This is equivalent to 20 mg per 2 tea bags, or about 10mg of caffeine per bag. The percent yield was calculated according to the following formula: This experiment provided strong evidence that the product labeling of Lipton Black Tea Decaffeinated is not accurate.

However, it should be noted that a number of experimental errors occurred during the laboratory exercise. The first experimental error was that the scale did not accurately represent the weight of the caffeine extracted.Nov 14,  · Write a mechanism for the reaction of an alkyl halide with alcoholic silver nitrate which depicts the type of substitution which occurs.

Explain how this mechanism accounts for the relative rate of reactivity of 1o, 2o and 3o halides in this benjaminpohle.com: Resolved. substitution reaction: conversion of alkyl halides to alkyl azides NaNH 2 Acid-base reaction: conversion of alkynes to acetylides OR elimination of dihalides to alkynes.

HALOGENOALKANES (old names 'haloalkanes' or 'alkyl halides'). Introduction to halogenoalkane reactivity.

Chem - Tests for Halides

Halogenoalkanes owe their reactivity, especially compared to the unreactive alkanes, to two principal reasons. As a special note, the Walter Library computer lab, Room , already Alkyl Halides and Nucleophilic Substitution Alkyl halide – nomenclature, physical properties, in nature Characteristics of E2 and E1 reactions This course covers topics such as bonding and structures, acids and bases, organic molecules and functional groups, alkanes, stereochemistry, organic reactions, alkyl halides and nucleophilic substitution, alkyl halides and elimination reactions, and other various topics The course is titled Chem 51A and is the first of a three-quarter sequence.

View Lab Report - lab report #10 from CHE at Syracuse University. Lab Report: Experiment Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Alkyl Halides Last Name (or Surname) (type): _Chae_ Signature83%(6).